חדשות המחקר
Chaim Putterman: Urine proteomic signatures of histological class, activity, chronicity, and treatment response in lupus nephritis (JCI Insight . )
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a pathologically heterogenous autoimmune disease linked to end-stage kidney disease and mortality. Better therapeutic strategies are needed as only 30%-40% of patients completely respond to treatment. Noninvasive biomarkers of intrarenal inflammation may guide more precise approaches. Because urine collects the byproducts of kidney inflammation, we studied the urine proteomic profiles of 225 patients with LN (573 samples) in the longitudinal Accelerating Medicines Partnership in RA/SLE cohort.
Salmonella manipulates the host to drive pathogenicity via induction of interleukin 1β (PLoS Biol . )
Acute gastrointestinal infection with intracellular pathogens like Salmonella Typhimurium triggers the release of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β). However, the role of IL-1β in intestinal defense against Salmonella remains unclear. Here, we show that IL-1β production is detrimental during Salmonella infection.
(Mor Zigdon, Jasmin Sawaed, Lilach Zelik, Dana Binyamin, Shira Ben-Simon, Nofar Asulin, Rachel Levin, Sonia Modilevsky, Maria Naama, Shahar Telpaz, Elad Rubin, Aya Awad, Wisal Sawaed, Sarina Harshuk-Shabso, Meital Nuriel-Ohayon, Michal Werbner, Omry Koren, Shai Bel)
Khalaf Kridin, Efrat Jeshurun: Risk and determinants of herpes zoster in bullous pemphigoid: a large-scale population-based study (Arch Dermatol Res. )
The burden of herpes zoster (HZ) among individuals with bullous pemphigoid (BP) remains to be firmly established as previous studies were inconsistent and were hampered by prominent methodological drawbacks. Our knowledge about determinants and risk factors of HZ in BP is sparse. Delineating this topic is of substantial clinical significance as it might shed light on putative measures that might be adapted in high-risk patient populations to mitigate the risk of HZ.
Does acute isolated sphenoidal sinusitis meet the criteria of the recent acute sinusitis guidelines, EPOS2020? (Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol .)
Isolated sphenoidal sinusitis (ISS) is a rare disease with non-specific symptoms and a potential for complications. Diagnosis is made clinically, endoscopically, and with imaging like CT scans or MRIs. This study aimed to evaluate if ISS meets the EPOS 2020 criteria for diagnosing acute rhinosinusitis and if new diagnostic criteria are needed.
(Raed Farhat, Ashraf Khater, Nidal El Khatib, Majd Asakly, Alaa Safia, Marwan Karam, Saqr Massoud, Yaniv Avraham, Shlomo Merchavy)
Inshirah Sgayer, Lior Lowenstein, Marwan Odeh: Antenatal ultrasound findings in choanal atresia: A case report and review of the literature (Case Rep Womens Health .)
Choanal atresia occurs in about 1 in 5000 births and is associated with other structural and genetic abnormalities. Choanal atresia is usually diagnosed postnatally due to respiratory distress, and rarely diagnosed antenatally. Here, a woman with severe polyhydramnios is described, whose fetus was diagnosed antenatally with isolated bilateral choanal atresia, as evident by persistent absence of flow through the nostrils on ultrasound. A literature review is presented of the antenatal findings of choanal atresia, using ultrasound and other imaging modalities.
Wisam Sbeit, Gil Gershovitz, Amir Shahin, Shhady Shhadeh, Maamoun Basheer, Tawfik Khoury: Obesity Is Associated with Distal Migration of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma to Body and Tail: A Multi-Center Study (Cancers (Basel) . )
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer. Most cases of PAC occur in the head of the pancreas. Given the proximity of the pancreatic head to the bile duct, most patients present clinically during early stages of the disease, while distally located PAC could have delayed clinical presentation. Aims: To assess predictors of non-head PAC.
Ayelet Armon-Omer, Tarek Mansor, Michael Edelstein, Elena Bukovetzky, Adi Sharabi Nov, Radi Shahien: Association between multiple sclerosis and urinary levels of toxic metals and organophosphates: A cross-sectional study in Israel (Mult Scler Relat Disord
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial disease of uncertain etiology damaging myelin sheaths around axons of the central nervous system. Myelin protects the axon from potentially harmful exogenous factors. The aetiological role of environmental exposure metals and organophosphates is unclear. Objective: Identify whether urinary levels of metals and organophosphates differed in MS patients and controls.
Adi Eshel, Omry Koren: Fecal microbiota transplantation in capsules for the treatment of steroid refractory and steroid dependent acute graft vs. host disease: a pilot study (Bone Marrow Transplant . )
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) is a serious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with limited treatment options. The gut microbiome plays a critical role in aGvHD pathogenesis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to restore gut microbial diversity. In this prospective pilot study, 21 patients with steroid-resistant or steroid-dependent lower gastrointestinal aGvHD received FMT in capsule form.
Gassan Moady, Gal Rubinstein, Loai Mobarki, Alexander Shturman, Tsafrir Or, Shaul Atar: The Risk of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients With Atrial Flutter Versus Atrial Fibrillation (Clin Med Insights Cardiol . )
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased risk of thromboembolic events originating mainly from left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT). Patients with atrial flutter (AFL) are treated with anticoagulation based on the same criteria as patients with AF. However, whether patients with AFL have similar thromboembolic risk as AF is unclear. In the current study we aimed to estimate the prevalence of LAAT in patients with AFL undergoing trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Understanding the health system barriers and enablers to childhood MMR and HPV vaccination among disadvantaged, minority or underserved populations in middle- and high-income countries: a systematic review (Eur J Public Health)
Child vaccinations are among the most effective public health interventions. However, wide gaps in child vaccination remain among different groups with uptake in most minorities or ethnic communities in Europe substantially lower compared to the general population. A systematic review was conducted to understand health system barriers and enablers to measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) and human papilloma virus (HPV) child vaccination among disadvantaged, minority populations in middle- and high-income countries.
(Jumanah Essa-Hadad, Yanay Gorelik, Michael Edelstein)
Meital Nuriel-Ohayon, Sondra Turjeman, Yishay Pinto, Omry Koren: Positive effects of diet-induced microbiome modification on GDM in mice following human faecal transfer (Gut . )
We recently reported in Gut that the microbiome is unequivocally implicated in early gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) aetiology, starting in the first trimester (T1), and other groups have shown continued microbiota dysbiosis in women with GDM in second trimester (T2) and third trimester (T3). In continuation of our T1 research, we now have data showing that dietary interventions, the preferred and primary treatment of GDM, are effective in part by altering the gut microbiota.
Ibrahim Marai: Ethnic Disparities in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Who Underwent Pulmonary Veins Isolation: Insights from the Israeli Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation Registry (Am J Cardiol .)
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality because of stroke and in some cases may promote heart failure. According to several studies, catheter ablation is superior to antiarrhythmic therapy in preventing AF recurrence.
Data on the effect of catheter ablation within different racial and ethnic groups are scarce. Because of genetic diversity and varying environmental milieus between different ethnic groups, ethnic differences might influence the effectiveness and safety of the catheter ablation procedure.
The Israeli Catheter Ablation Registry provides an excellent opportunity to explore the effectiveness and safety of AF catheter ablation for patients within 2 ethnic groups that utilize the same national healthcare system and constitute most of the Israeli population: patients of Arab and patients of Jewish ethnicities.
Adnan Zaina: New Insights on Tutankhamun's Cause of Death: Combination Theory and Splenic Rupture (Isr Med Assoc J . )
The cause of death for Pharaoh Tutankhamun (ca. 1330–1324 BCE) is still unknown despite the advancement in modern paleopathology and the introduction of computed tomography mummy examination and modern molecular pathology, including PCR-based gene analysis. Many speculations regarding his unexpected death have been published, including crush injury, infectious diseases such as malaria, and hereditary disease. We discuss for the first time all these events that could have ultimately caused Tutankhamun's sudden death, particularly sickle cell disease, which can cause osteonecrosis and lead to walking disability, bone deformities, and fragility.