חדשות המחקר

Compares gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy and obesity-related maternal morbidity between three months of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and three months of the previous year.

Thyroid nodules are common in the general population. Ultrasonography is the most efficient diagnostic approach to evaluate thyroid nodules. The US FNAC procedure can be performed using either the short axis (perpendicular), or a long axis (parallel) approach to visualize the needle as it is advanced toward the desired nodule. The main aim of this study was to compare the percentage of non-diagnostic results between the long and short axis approach.

(Sarah Cohn, Raed Farhat, Nidal El Khatib, Majd Asakly, Ashraf Khater, Alaa Safia, Marwan Karam, Saqr Massoud, Taiser Bishara, Yaniv Avraham, Adi Sharabi-Nov, Shlomo Merchavy)

Bone augmentation prior to dental implant placement is a common scenario in the dental implantology field. Among the important intraoral harvesting sites to obtain bone blocks is the ramus/retromolar region that has a high success rate and long-lasting alveolar ridge augmentation. Preserving the bone volume and quality at the donor site is crucial for preventing further complications or to serve as a site for re-harvesting. Healing of the intraoral donor sites has been described in the maxillofacial field. This study aimed to evaluate the spontaneous healing of the mandibular retromolar donor site utilizing computer-assisted quantification 6 and 12 months after bone harvesting.

(Shadi Daoud, Adeeb Zoabi, Adi Kasem, Amir Totry, Daniel Oren, Idan Redenski, Samer Srouji, Fares Kablan)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening critical care syndrome commonly associated with infections such as COVID-19, influenza, and bacterial pneumonia. Ongoing research aims to improve our understanding of ARDS, including its molecular mechanisms, individualized treatment options, and potential interventions to reduce inflammation and promote lung repair. Objective: To map and compare metabolic phenotypes of different infectious causes of ARDS to better understand the metabolic pathways involved in the underlying pathogenesis.

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) occurs unexpectedly and is usually a result of ventricular arrhythmia in patients with structural heart disease....In this review, we highlight the pathophysiological mechanisms of the new drug agents, and evaluate the possible effect they could have on the role of device therapy as a primary prevention of SCD.

This study challenges the prevalent belief that surgical roles demand masculine traits, potentially limiting women's suitability for such positions. Contrary to this stereotype, we explored the hypothesis that in sensitive surgical procedures, where communal traits are valued, women patients might favor women surgeons. Two experimental studies investigated women's preferences for a man versus a woman surgeon in a breast exam and breast surgery.

Objectives: To investigate the role of gut microbiota (GM) in pathogenesis of idiopathic short stature (ISS) by comparing GM of ISS children to their normal-height siblings.

The pathogenesis of renal disease in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) is mostly unknown. This is in part because of the limited information about renal morphological changes in these conditions. We evaluated renal histology in subjects with MS and those without MS, who are participants in the European Nephrectomy Biobank (ENBiBA) project.

CORRIGENDUM: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39990884/

The current research on the recommended durations for cast immobilization in adults with distal radial fractures (DRFs) lacks a clear consensus or definitive conclusion. The standard practice involves casting immobilization for five to six weeks. The debate revolves around the potential benefits of shorter periods (three to four weeks) without compromising patient outcomes. While previous research has delved into this subject through systematic reviews, our study stands out by conducting a meta-analysis, aiming for a more precise understanding of whether short or regular cast immobilization duration proves more effective for treating DRFs. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies. 

The 2022-2023 Mpox multi-country outbreak, identified in over 110 WHO Member States, revealed a predominant impact on cisgender men, particularly those engaging in sex with men, while less frequently affecting women. This disparity prompted a focused investigation into the gender-specific characteristics of Mpox infections, particularly among women, to address a notable knowledge gap. This review systematically gathers and analyzes the scientific literature and case reports concerning Mpox infections in women, covering a broad geographical spectrum including regions such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Nigeria, Europe, Vietnam, and the United States.

erratum

Lingual abscesses, characterized by infectious collections of pus within the tongue parenchyma, are rare and poorly understood clinical entities. Despite their potential for severe complications, literature on lingual abscesses remains limited, consisting mainly of sporadic case reports. This comprehensive case study examines the challenges and successful management of a severe anterolateral tongue abscess in a young adult, contributing to the emerging body of knowledge on this condition.

In the Offline entitled The moral clarity of WHO's Director-General, Richard Horton highlights Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus' “ethical leadership” and supports his anguished calls for a complete cessation to hostilities in Gaza....However, unlike Richard Horton, we believe that Tedros' statements fall woefully short.

In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel pneumonia-like illness, COVID-19 (C-19), emerged in Wuhan, China. In March 2020, as the incidence of C-19 rose, the Israeli government, like that of other nations, declared a national state of emergency, and a full, general lockdown was announced. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence and characteristics of pediatric maxillofacial trauma presentation during the 2020 C-19 lockdown restrictions and compare them to periods outside lockdown between 2019 and 2020 (pre-C-19).

This study aimed to assess 30-day morbidity and mortality rates following cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease and identify the factors associated with complications.