חדשות המחקר

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults, characterized by primary and secondary injury. Primary injury is the immediate mechanical damage, while secondary injury results from delayed neuronal death, often linked to mitochondrial damage accumulation. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proposed as a potential treatment for modulating secondary post-traumatic neuronal death. However, the specific molecular mechanism by which HBOT modulates secondary brain damage through mitochondrial protection remains unclear.

(Reem Sakas, Katya Dan, Saher Abu-Ata, Aviv Ben-Menashe, Yaseen Awad-Igbaria, Jean Francois-Soustiel, Eilam Palzur)

Evidence is inconsistent regarding the impact of late gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on perinatal outcomes. Objectives: To evaluate associations of GDM diagnosed in the third trimester (late GDM) with adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

The etiology of idiopathic pain conditions, such as Provoked vulvodynia (PV), is multifactorial. The efficiency of venlafaxine, serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRIs) in modulating vulvar pain led to the hypothesis that PV might involve central mechanisms. Here, we investigate whether vulvar pain is associated with gene-expression changes in mood, stress and pain systems, including amygdala (Amg), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). 

Early-stage endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma is managed through laparoscopic total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Detection of positive nodes is rare, and lymphadenectomy may involve complications. Pelvic sentinel lymph node dissection can prevent complete dissection. Herein, we evaluated the learning curve of sentinel lymph node dissection using indocyanine green.

(Avishalom Sharon, Ala Aiob, Mohammad Kais, Liat Apel-Sarid, Renee Tendler, Grigory Dourleshter, Jacob Bornstein)

GWAS, as a largely correlational analysis, requires in vitro or in vivo validation. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have many advantages for studying the genetics of human diseases. Since gene editing in zebrafish has been highly valuable for studying embryonic skeletal developmental processes that are prenatally or perinatally lethal in mammalian models, we are reviewing pros and cons of this model.

Until breastfeeding is established, progesterone-only pill (POP) use is preferable over combined hormonal contraception (CHC), as the latter potentially reduces milk production. Yet, POPs are often associated with breakthrough bleeding (BTB), and irregular spotting is often a reason for their cessation. Conversely, CHC is less associated with BTB but is not usually prescribed, even if breastfeeding has been established, despite its verified safety profile. Here, we surveyed physicians' perception of CHC safety during breastfeeding through an online questionnaire (N = 112). 

The underlying pathophysiology of Transient global amnesia (TGA) remains elusive. Reports of perfusion abnormalities in TGA were inconsistent, but semi-automated analysis of perfusion CT (CTP) may improve reliability and precision of perfusion deficit detection.

Purpose: To report the genetic etiology of Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy (LECD).

We aimed to assess in a prospective multicenter study the quality of echocardiographic exams performed by inexperienced users guided by a new artificial intelligence software and evaluate their suitability for diagnostic interpretation of basic cardiac pathology and quantitative analysis of cardiac chamber and function.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) should be treated adequately in order to avoid maternal hyperglycemia-related complications. Previously, probiotic supplements were suggested to improve fasting blood glucose in women with GDM. Yet, a major limitation of previous studies was that pre-prandial and especially post-prandial glucose values, which are important predictors of pregnancy outcomes, were not studied.

(Yuri Perlitz, Lilach Yacov Shavit, Galit Magril,  Noa Harel, Sofia Soltsman, Enav Yefet)

We aimed to examine the diagnostic value of colposcopy in a large cohort of pregnant women with unexplained vaginal bleeding during the second or third trimester.

Letter to the editor

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among military personnel and may arise following a wide range of traumatic exposures. Consciousness level following traumatic injury may play a role in the development of PTSD, but its effects have been primarily investigated in the context of traumatic brain injury.

The objective was to analyse the risk of significant bacteriuria in repeat urine cultures from pregnant women, following initial mixed bacterial results.

The difficulty of monitoring organ-specific pathology in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often complicates disease prognostication and treatment. Improved non-invasive biomarkers of active organ pathology, particularly lupus nephritis, would improve patient care. We sought to validate and apply a novel strategy to generate the first comprehensive serum proteome of a lupus mouse model and identify mechanism-linked lupus biomarker candidates for subsequent clinical investigation.