חדשות המחקר
Amir Mari, Tawifik Khoury: The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disk Application: A Platform to Assess Patients Priorities and Expectations from Treatment (J Dig Dis)
Inflammatory bowel disease significantly impacts patient's well-being. Patients' preferences regarding treatment outcomes do not necessarily fit physicians' goals. We aimed to examine patient's priorities and expectations from treatment.
Rela Oved, Gavi Jankelowitz, Sondra Turjeman, Omry Koren: Molecular genetics for probiotic engineering: dissecting lactic acid bacteria (Trends Microbiol . )
The composition of the gut microbiome is greatly influenced by nutrition and dietary alterations which can also induce large temporary microbial shifts. However, the molecular mechanisms that promote these changes remain to be determined. Species of the family Lactobacillaceae and Bacillus species are genetically manipulatable bacteria that are naturally found in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract and are often considered models of beneficial microbiota. Here, we identify specific conserved molecular pathways that play a key role in host colonization by beneficial members of the microbiota.
Offir Ertracht, Tal Reuveni, Shaul Atar: Vasodilation and blood pressure-lowering effect mediated by 5,6-EEQ lactone in 5/6 nephrectomy hypertensive rats (Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids .)
Microvascular dysfunction is a key contributor to vascular hypertension, one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. Microvascular dysfunction leads to the loss of nitric oxide-mediated endothelial dilation and the subsequent compensatory function of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing (EDH) factors in the regulation of vascular tone. Previously, we showed that lactone metabolite derived from arachidonic acid induces endothelial-dependent vasodilation in isolated human microvessels. Based on structural similarities, we hypothesize that additional lactone metabolites formed from eicosapentaenoic fatty acid (EPA) may bear EDH properties.
Maamoun Basheer, Elias Saad, Hagai Rechnitzer, Simona Zisman-Rozen, David Azoulay, Nimer Assy: Clearance of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in an Immunocompromised Patient Mediated by Convalescent Plasma without B-Cell Recovery (Int J Mol Sci .)
This case report presents a patient who had difficulty eradicating the corona virus due to being treated with Rituximab, which depletes B lymphocyte cells and therefore disables the production of neutralizing antibodies.
אימונוגניות של SARS-CoV-2 באנשים שנדבקו לפני ואחרי חיסון ל- COVID-19: ישראל, ינואר-מרץ 2021 (Epidemiol Infect)
מדדנו באופן סדרתי את תגובת הנגד של רמות IgG בקבוצת עובדים מחוסנים במערכת הבריאות על פי מצב הידבקות ב- SARS-CoV2 (מעולם לא נדבקו או נדבקו לפני או אחרי החיסון) על מנת לעדכן את מדיניות החיסון.
(כמאל אבו ג'בל, הילה בן עמרם, קארין ביירותי, אירה ברימט, אשרף אבו סעדה, יונס בטחיש, כריסטיאן סוזאן, סלמאן זרקא, מיכאל אדלשטיין)
אריאלה גולדנשלוגר, נאסר סקרן: תוצאות ירידה במשקל ודפוסי אורח חיים בעקבות ניתוח שרוול קיבה: מחקר רטרוספקטיבי בן 8 שנים של 212 חולים (ניתוחי השמנת יתר).
ניתוח שרוול קיבה (SG, Sleeve Gastrectomy) הוא טיפול יעיל להשמנה קיצונית; עם זאת, תוצאות הירידה במשקל לטווח הארוך נותרו לא מובנות במידה רבה. מטרתנו הייתה לבחון את שינויי המשקל לאורך זמן בעקבות ניתוח SG, מאפייני חולה ודפוסים של אורח חיים הקשורים לתוצאות ירידה במשקל.
Milana Frenkel Morgenstern, David Karasik: The "GEnomics of Musculo Skeletal Traits TranslatiOnal NEtwork": Origins, Rationale, Organization, and Prospects (Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) .)
Musculoskeletal research has been enriched in the past ten years with a great wealth of new discoveries arising from genome wide association studies (GWAS). In addition to the novel factors identified by GWAS, the advent of whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing efforts in family based studies has also identified new genes and pathways. However, the function and the mechanisms by which such genes influence clinical traits remain largely unknown. There is imperative need to bring multidisciplinary expertise together that will allow translating these genomic discoveries into useful clinical applications with the potential of improving patient care. Therefore "GEnomics of MusculoSkeletal traits TranslatiOnal NEtwork" (GEMSTONE) aims to set the ground for the: 1) functional characterization of discovered genes and pathways; 2) understanding of the correspondence between molecular and clinical assessments; and 3) implementation of novel methodological approaches.
Amir Mari, Tawfik Khoury: Diagnosis and Management of Achalasia: Updates of the Last Two Years (J Clin Med . )
The aim of the current review is to provide a practical clinical approach to dysphagia and to shed light on the most recent improvements in diagnostics and treatment of achalasia over the last two years.
Offer Amir: Predictors of Hypoxemia and Related Adverse Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Double-Center Retrospective Study (J Clin Med .)
Hypoxemia is a hallmark of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. We sought to determine predictors of hypoxemia and related adverse outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the two largest hospitals in Jerusalem, Israel, from 9 March through 16 July 2020.
Offer Amir: Improving Diuretic Response in Heart Failure by Implementing a Patient-Tailored Variability and Chronotherapy-Guided Algorithm (Front Cardiovasc Med . )
Heart failure is a major public health problem, which is associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and healthcare expenditures. A substantial amount of the morbidity is attributed to volume overload, for which loop diuretics are a mandatory treatment. However, the variability in response to diuretics and development of diuretic resistance adversely affect the clinical outcomes. Morevoer, there exists a marked intra- and inter-patient variability in response to diuretics that affects the clinical course and related adverse outcomes. In the present article, we review the mechanisms underlying the development of diuretic resistance.
Trishna Saha, Hava Gil-Henn: Invadopodia, a Kingdom of Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (Cells .)
Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) are crucial mediators of intracellular signaling and control a wide variety of processes such as cell division, morphogenesis, and motility. Aberrant NRTK-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation has been linked to various human disorders and diseases, among them cancer metastasis, to which no treatment presently exists. Invasive cancer cells leaving the primary tumor use invadopodia, feet-like structures which facilitate extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and intravasation, to escape the primary tumor and disseminate into distant tissues and organs during metastasis. A major challenge in metastasis research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying invadopodia regulation, as the general belief is that targeting these structures can potentially lead to the eradication of cancer metastasis. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) play a central role in regulating invadopodia formation and function, but how they coordinate the signaling leading to these processes was not clear until recently. Here, we describe the major NRTKs that rule invadopodia and how they work in concert while keeping an accurate hierarchy to control tumor cell invasiveness and dissemination.
Trishna Saha, Jonathan Solomon, Abraham O Samson, Hava Gil-Henn: Invasion and Metastasis as a Central Hallmark of Breast Cancer (J Clin Med . )
Hanahan and Weinberg introduced the "hallmarks of cancer" and typified essential biological abilities acquired by human cancer. Since then, a growing understanding of hallmark principles associated with breast cancer has assisted knowledge-based therapeutics development; however, despite the rapidly increasing number of targeted therapeutics, enduring disease-free responses for most forms of breast cancer is rare. Invasion and metastasis are the most defining feature of breast cancer malignancy and the leading cause of patient mortality. Hence, we propose a modified hallmarks model adapted to breast cancer, in which invasion and metastasis are shifted to the center of attention, thereby emphasizing it as a potentially superior therapeutic target.
Tzipora C Falik-Zaccai: Expert opinion on diagnosing, treating and managing patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX): a modified Delphi study (Orphanet J Rare Dis .)
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare, chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder requiring life-long care. Patients with CTX often experience a diagnostic delay. Although early diagnosis and treatment initiation can improve symptoms and prognosis, a standardised approach to diagnosis, treatment and management of patients is not yet established. Aim: To assess expert opinion on best care practices for patients with CTX using a modified Delphi method.
Erez Kachel, Keren Constantini, Shemy Carasso: A Pilot Study of Blood Pressure Monitoring After Cardiac Surgery Using a Wearable, Non-invasive Sensor (Front Med (Lausanne) .)
Continuous blood pressure (BP) measurement in intensive care units is based on arterial line (AL) transducers, sometimes associated with clinical complications. Our objective was to evaluate continuous BP measurements obtained from a non-invasive, wireless photoplethysmography (PPG)-based device using two distinct configurations (wristwatch and chest-patch monitors) compared to an AL.
Esther Levi, Ohad Ronen: Physician adherence to acute rhinosinusitis antibiotic treatment guidelines (J Investig Med . )
Antibiotic treatment guidelines promote proper diagnosis and treatment and optimize antibiotic treatment, minimizing both antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics and financial expenditure. This study aimed to investigate whether community physicians and emergency department (ED) physicians diagnose and treat acute rhinosinusitis according to accepted guidelines.